The idea of these approaches is that such nucleic acid conservation may correlate with previously uncharacterised lifecycle features. One class of approaches to this problem seeks to find regions of high conservation in viral nucleic acid that cannot be explained by conservation in resultant amino acids. The identification and functional characterisation of such targets is a difficult informatic and biological problem, precisely because of the lack of analogues for comparison. Coupled with the need to avoid host toxicity from drug cross-reactivity with host molecules, the identification of drug targets that control key lifecycle features of viruses, but that do not have close analogues in the host or in unrelated viruses, becomes an important goal. We propose the precise location of a previously described packaging signal, and discuss explanations for other regions of high conservation.Ī key challenge in the development of antivirals is the relative lack of targets that are sufficiently conserved across multiple families of viruses for drugs to exhibit a broad spectrum of activity. We demonstrate the application of these methods by analysing over 5 million genome sequences of the recently-emerged RNA virus SARS-CoV-2 and correlating these results with an analysis of 119 genome sequences of SARS-CoV. Here, we present methods that ensure we can leverage all the information available in a low-signal, low-noise set of sequences, to find contiguous regions of relatively conserved nucleic acid. In organisms with low genetic diversity, such as newly-emerged pathogens, it is key to obtain this information early to develop new treatments. Heavily constrained regions can be investigated to understand their roles in an organism’s life cycle, and drugs can be sought to disrupt these roles. The second section considers three more advanced topics: threshold theory, the extension of detection theory, and an examination of Thurstonian scaling procedures.Collections of genetic sequences belonging to related organisms contain information on the evolutionary constraints to which the organisms have been subjected. It concludes with a detailed analysis of a typical experiment and a discussion of some of the problems which can arise for the potential user of detection theory. Its aim is to enable the reader to be able to understand and compute these measures. The first part introduces the basic ideas of detection theory and its fundamental measures. Intended for undergraduate students at an introductory level, the book is divided into two sections. Symbols and terminology are kept at a basic level so that the eventual and hoped for transfer to a more advanced text will be accomplished as easily as possible. It assumes knowledge only of elementary algebra and elementary statistics. This book is intended to present the methods of Signal Detection Theory to a person with a basic mathematical background. To learn more about how and for what purposes Amazon uses personal information (such as Amazon Store order history), please visit our Privacy Notice.Ī Primer of Signal Detection Theory is being reprinted to fill the gap in literature on Signal Detection Theory-a theory that is still important in psychology, hearing, vision, audiology, and related subjects. You can change your choices at any time by visiting Cookie Preferences, as described in the Cookie Notice. Click ‘Customise Cookies’ to decline these cookies, make more detailed choices, or learn more. Third parties use cookies for their purposes of displaying and measuring personalised ads, generating audience insights, and developing and improving products. This includes using first- and third-party cookies, which store or access standard device information such as a unique identifier. If you agree, we’ll also use cookies to complement your shopping experience across the Amazon stores as described in our Cookie Notice. We also use these cookies to understand how customers use our services (for example, by measuring site visits) so we can make improvements. We use cookies and similar tools that are necessary to enable you to make purchases, to enhance your shopping experiences and to provide our services, as detailed in our Cookie Notice.
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